4.0L OHV & SOHC V6 Tech General discussion of 4.0L OHV and SOHC V6 Ford Ranger engines.

Fuel trims.. what am I looking at

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Old Nov 17, 2022
  #1  
sohc_edge's Avatar
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From: Weslaco,Tx
Fuel trims.. what am I looking at

I thought it was a vacuum leak but I've repaired the broken lines
now I'm figuring maybe the purge solenoid might be the problem.
I get code p0442.. gas cap is new.



 
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Old Nov 18, 2022
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STFT(short term fuel trim) is what you want to focus on
After engine is warmed up the PCM(computer) calculates STFT on the fly based on feedback from O2 sensors

STFT 0 is what PCM calculates
Actual STFT after the feedback is either + or - from the 0
STFT 2.3% is +2.3% or it would have a - in front of it
It means PCM is opening fuel injectors 2.3% LONGER than it calculated, so is adding 2.3% more fuel on that BANK(side) of the V6 engine

LTFT(long term fuel trim) is an average over time of STFT, LTFT is used so PCM doesn't have to learn the whole engine system each time its started

But LTFT is ADDED to STFT 0 once its calculated, so if LTFT Bank 1 is 17% then STFT 0 is actually starting at STFT +17%
Normal operation is STFT + or -10%
If it gets close to 20% PCM sets the Codes

Since ALL of this is BASED ON O2 Sensor feedback, and O2 sensors wear out after 12 years or 100k miles, it would be good to know if codes are "real" or the fault of OLD O2 sensors
If you are not sure on the age of the O2s change them

Couple of things to know
O2 sensors don't work until engine is warmed up, minimum 5 min run time
O2s are ignored at Idle, so any readings at idle won't be much use as PCM runs the engine rich to keep it from overheating
Your throttle position of 18% means engine was idling, above 21% means foot was on the gas pedal and PCM is now using O2s for feedback


And just a heads up, Battery Voltage 13.3v is low, minimum voltage from alternator should be 13.5v, could just be a glitch in PCM, I would test with volt meter at battery
 

Last edited by RonD; Nov 18, 2022 at 11:02 AM.
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Old Nov 19, 2022
  #3  
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From: Weslaco,Tx
RonD thanks for your reply, the 02 sensors aren't even a year old since they've been replaced. Recently I had a bad MAF that caused the truck to mimic a bad fuel pump, for years the cel had been on because p0442 was set due to the fuel pump seal not installed correctly. So since I replaced that pump a few weeks ago I was surprised when p0442 came back, that's why I started looking at fuel trims trying to figure out what was going on. To be honest the MAF I have now is a junkyard unit and the mechanic did replace a broken vacuum line Thursday evening so I don't think I've driven enough yet to get it to set another CEL.
Do you think I should replace the o2 sensor or do you believe something else might be at fault?
 
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Old Nov 19, 2022
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No, O2 sensors should be fine if newer

P0442 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (small leak)

Small leak means this wouldn't effect engine operation

EVAP system is heavily Monitored, as seen by these codes

P0440 Evaporative Emission Control System Malfunction
P0441 Evaporative Emission Control System Incorrect Purge Flow
P0442 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (small leak)
P0443 Evaporative Emission Control System Purge Control Valve Circuit
P0444 Evaporative Emission Control System Purge Control Valve Circuit
P0445 Evaporative Emission Control System Purge Control Valve Circuit Shorted
P0446 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Control Circuit Malfunction
P0447 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Control Circuit Open
P0448 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Control Circuit Shorted
P0449 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Valve/Solenoid Circuit Malfunction
P0450 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor Malfunction
P0451 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor Range/Performance
P0452 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor Low Input
P0453 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor High Input
P0454 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor Intermittent
P0455 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (gross leak)

P0455 could effect engine operation, "gross leak"

If you have a helper try this test
Get a hose and a damp towel/rag
Take off gas cap
Put hose in filler and wrap damp towel around it then hold it in place to seal it
BLOW into the hose
It should hold pressure inside the gas tank
It won't because of P0442
But you should be able to HEAR air escaping from the leak, around the tank area OR in the engine bay

DO NOT USE AIR COMPRESSOR for this test or YOU WILL blow off EVAP hoses
Human lungs can generate 2psi at most, no air compressor can be turned down that low



So High positive fuel trims are another issue
What year Ranger?
Which V6 engine do you have?
 

Last edited by RonD; Nov 19, 2022 at 11:52 AM.
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Old Nov 23, 2022
  #5  
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From: Weslaco,Tx
It's an 01 4.0
 
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