I need some help with a Ford 4.0 V6 that my son is working on. He had the oil pan, intake, and flywheel off of it. It is on an engine stand and he rolled the motor upside down and this part fell out. He doesn't know where it came from. Can any of the Ford guru's on here tell me what this is and where it came from? The only thing I can think of is a pressure relief for the oil pump. But where did it fall out of?

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Yes, that is what I would guess, and it would be a guess.
The oil pressure relief valve should be part of the oil pump, so if it is still attached not sure how it could come out.

 

I got it figured out. It was a valve inside the high pressure line in the power steering pump.

 

?? how the heck did that get in the engine??

 

My guess is that the PS pump may have still been bolted to the engine when he rolled it upside down. I am not really sure what happened but he thought it came out of the engine when in fact it did not. It was from the PS pump.